[分享]卡恩建筑 | 苍茫大地上的回忆之洲
卡恩建筑在2012年从国际竞标中脱颖而出，完成了位于阿尔斯特（比利时）郊区的新殡仪馆的设计。空间环环相扣，建筑和周围宁静的环境和谐共存。
KAAN Architecten has designed the new Crematorium Siesegem on the outskirts of Aalst (Belgium), as an entry for an international competition that the Dutch firm won in 2012. The building is a comforting sequence of spaces in symbiotic relationship with its tranquil surroundings.
殡仪馆与公园周边的树丛融为一体 ©Sebastian van Damme
殡仪馆外观 ©Sebastian van Damme
©Simone Bossi
建筑外观 ©Sebastian van Damme
入口立面 ©Sebastian van Damme
殡仪馆坐落在毗邻比利时城市的西环路附近肥沃的土地上，占地面积为74×74平方米，与景观建筑师Erik Dhont设计的公园周边的树丛融为一体。在到达位于蓝山街的入口之前，静谧弥漫，访问者在起伏的绿岗中逐渐慢下脚步。在北隅，毗邻的小丘是专用于散落骨灰的场地并连接通向墓园的道路，池塘作为雨水储蓄之用。在东边的尽头，一条服务于灵车的辅道完全隐藏于人们的视线：逝者家人的晨间仪式不会被打扰，隐私将得到应有的尊重。
Located in the countryside bordering the western ring road of the Belgian city, the crematorium, with its 74 x 74 metre footprint, merges with trees and shrubs that line the perimeter of the surrounding park, which was conceived by landscape architect Erik Dhont. Approaching the entrance at Blauwenbergstraat, a sense of calm pervades the site and upon arrival, visitors are subtly persuaded to slow down by the undulating gentle green mounds. To the north, a pond serves as a reservoir for rainwater, while small adjacent hills are dedicated to scattered ashes and to an urn garden. At the eastern end, there is a service road for the hearses that is entirely hidden from view so that families are not disturbed during the mourning ceremony, and so that privacy is respected.
庭院 ©Sebastian van Damme
从嘈杂的室外到清净的室内 ©Simone Bossi
建筑从嘈杂的室外到清净的室内这一戏剧性转变，时刻提醒着人们克己慎行。建筑的西南角作为过渡区域通向庭院，欢迎访客的到来并指引室内的道路。殡仪馆设计中向来难以处理复杂的流线，而卡恩建筑的设计不言自明,访客使用起来清晰明了。
Architecture accompanies the transition from a busy outside world into a metaphorical and physical interior imbued with calm and restraint. The south-western corner of the building opens onto a patio and serves as a transitional zone, welcoming visitors and leading them towards the indoor spaces. As crematoria are typically characterized by complex logistics, KAAN Architecten has designed a building that is self-explanatory and feels natural to use.
一个清晰易读的空间和路线 ©Sebastian van Damme
配合充足温暖的日光，6.4米的天花板高度烘托出浩大内部空间 ©Simone Bossi
室外区域洒下阳光、绿意盎然 ©Simone Bossi
接待厅 ©Simone Bossi
咖啡厅 ©Sebastian van Damme
进入殡仪馆内部，一系列的空间塑成访客的内部体验，不会让人迷失其中。配合充足温暖的日光，6.4米的天花板高度烘托出浩大内部空间。巨大的混凝土天幕沿伸至大厅和前台，格外显著。接待厅两个巨大的窗户为内部带来充足的阳光，窗外精心设计的花园驻扎在庄重的过道旁并指向由比利时画家里纳斯范德维德完成的巨幅画作的咖啡厅中。
Upon entering the crematorium, a sequence of spaces shapes the visitor’s physical experience, preventing spatial confusion. At 6.4 metres tall, the remarkable floor-to-ceiling height of the interior enhances the sense of vastness, paired by the warm abundance of daylight. A large concrete canopy stretches into a generously proportioned hall from which the reception desk is immediately visible. The reception hall is infused with light by two large windows overlooking a landscaped garden, and houses a discreet passageway to the cafeteria, which features a large-scale painting by Belgian artist Rinus Van de Velde.
走廊 ©Simone Bossi
礼堂 ©Simone Bossi
Siesegem殡仪馆提供了两个举行仪式的礼堂。较大的一个配备600个座椅，空间更加宽敞。卡恩建筑参与了整体性设计，包括家具在内，尤其是长椅的设计：座位形状优雅如雕塑，米黄色皮革软饰，质地温和且直接取义于沙子和尘土，呼应殡仪馆整体的空间。建筑的背面由玻璃覆盖，向外眺望直至庭院。庭院连接建筑外围和周围的景观。每一个礼堂都配有一个家庭间和一个凭吊的场所。在侧，一个室外区域洒下阳光、绿意盎然，提供给失去至亲之人一个疗愈之地。
Crematorium Siesegem encompasses two ceremonial assembly halls. The largest has generous dimensions, with seating for 600 people. KAAN Architecten was involved in the overall design, including the furnishings, and in particular the benches: elegantly shaped seating with leather upholstery in yellow-beige colour, a recurrent hue for the Crematorium spaces, chosen for its gentle texture and direct reference to sand and dust. The back surface is glazed and looks out onto a patio, directly connecting the building to the surrounding landscape. Both assembly spaces have a family room and a place for condolences; beside them, an outdoor area with greenery links nature to daylight and offers a counterweight to the intensity and spirituality experienced by the bereaved.
室内细部 ©Simone Bossi
建筑的背面由玻璃覆盖 ©Sebastian van Damme
米黄色皮革座椅呼应殡仪馆的整体空间 ©Simone Bossi
大理石墙面细部 ©Simone Bossi
材料的选择和细节的把控对达到平和的心境是至关重要的。室外，卡恩建筑选择采用生混凝土的材料韵律。室内，哑光的墙壁带有渲染的纹理。天花板覆盖粗糙的喷涂表面以确保安静 – 也是此类建筑的重要特征之一。橡木拼花地板用于家庭室和咖啡厅。
The choice of materials and the detailing are paramount to achieving a placid mood. For the exterior, KAAN Architecten chose the rhythm of béton brut. For the interior, the walls are matt and have a textured render, while the ceiling has a rough sprayed finish to ensure muted acoustics – a fundamental feature of such a building. Oak parquet floors have been chosen for the family rooms and the cafeteria.
家庭室铺设以橡木拼花地板 ©Simone Bossi
所有的空间都传递着此建筑的精髓，在此Ceppo di Gré大理石起到了至关重要的作用。建筑师运用锯成2.4 x1米的石料组合成了循环构成纹样，地板和墙面也做了相同的处理。相同的大理石材料也用在长门厅的前台桌，吧台，讲台，灵柩台和庭院墙的墙裙上。
All the spaces express the essence of the architecture, and Ceppo di Gré marble plays a vital role. After sawing the stone blocks into 2.4 x 1 metre plates, the architects arranged a composition that results in a visually coherent pattern. Floors and walls have been treated in the same way. Identical marble was used for the reception desk in the long foyer, the bar, the lectern, the catafalque and the high skirting of the courtyard walls.
在比利时的传统中，火葬仪式会复杂于其他国家。这是他们相聚，用餐，和亲人朋友重新熟络的场所。这些客户提到的丰富经验和对话对这个项目至关重要。卡恩建筑设计了一个清晰易读的空间和路线，把引路标牌减到最小。访问者不会感到迷失，同时建筑也不仅仅是一个背景，而是一个空间向导。室内空间和来访者对话，引起他们情绪的共鸣。空间序列将平静娓娓道来，令人陷入深深的沉思。
In Belgium, crematoria traditionally have a more complex programme that other countries. They are spaces for gathering, enjoying a meal and reconnecting with relatives and friends. The client’s significant experience and dialogue were crucial to the project. KAAN Architecten designed legible spaces and easily readable routing to reduce signage to a minimum. Visitors should never feel lost, and architecture goes beyond being a mere background, to offer spatial guidance. The interior speaks to visitors and appeals to their emotions: it instils calmness and the sequence of spaces enhances reflection.
哑光的墙壁带有渲染的纹理 ©Simone Bossi
在礼堂旁边，建筑中的技术层面也是设计不可忽视的一部分。建筑师想要展现而非隐匿火葬的过程，从而创造出一种机械之感与宁静氛围之间的极端对立所产生的不同寻常的张力。家具柔软的沙黄色呼应着焚化炉和直耸出屋顶玻璃开口的烟囱。建筑中弥漫着庄重与亲密之感。
Next to the ceremony spaces, the technical aspects of the building are also a fundamental part of the design. The architects endeavour to disclose, rather than hide the cremation process, creating an unusual yet effective polarity between the mechanics and the serenity. The soft sandy yellow colour of the furniture is echoed by the ovens and the chimney that stretches up through a glazed opening in the roof. A sense of dignity and intimacy infuses the building.
机械之感与宁静氛围对比形成不同寻常的张力
©Sebastian van Damme
烟囱细部 ©Simone Bossi
和谐的比例，纯粹的几何，Siesegem殡仪馆不啻为一首水平与垂直的抒情诗。简洁的建筑环境和宁静的大地景观互相交融，散发着极致的静谧。洗尽铅华之后的殡仪馆，成为在苍茫大地上的一片回忆之洲。
The Crematorium Siesegem is an ode to verticality, while being horizontal and pure in its geometry and balanced proportions. Its calm, easily readable environment and tranquil landscape merge together to emanate genuine serenity. Without succumbing to pompous monumentalism, the building and its surrounding grounds are a peaceful oasis for reminiscence.
简洁的建筑环境和宁静的大地景观互相交融 ©Simone Bossi
![[分享]揽海听风 | 西班牙Akelarre酒店](/e/data/images/no.jpg)
